G_antenna/antenna_kit_2000-14dbi_cables.jpg' alt='Input Impedance Patch Antenna' title='Input Impedance Patch Antenna' />ANTENNA MAGUS latest release update summary new antennas, bug fixes, improvements, new features Version update information. Nimbus Sans Novus Black here. IEEE Xplore. Delivering full text access to the worlds highest quality technical literature in engineering and technology. Pasternacks Coaxial Cable Impedance Calculator allows you to enter the Outer Diameter Dielectric width, Inner onductor Diameter width and either the Dielectric. Includes 1x RTLSDR Blog brand R820T2 RTL2832U 1PPM TCXO SMA V3 Dongle, 1x Dipole Antenna Base with 60cm RG174, 2x 23cm to 1m telescopic antenna, 2x 5cm to 13cm. Make your own HF VHF antenna tuner. BUILD AN HF ANTENNA TUNERMAKE A HOMEBREW HF VHF ANTENNA TUNERIt really isnt all that difficult. This page details several T match tuners. By comparing them, you should be able to construct a tuner to your own particular requirements. Now that a number of people have built them and provided feedback, several things to look out for have been identified. THIS PAGEDESIGN CONSIDERATIONSWHAT WILL YOU USE IT FORNormal use will be HF and perhaps some circumstances in VHF bands. Input Impedance Patch Antenna' title='Input Impedance Patch Antenna' />BUILD AN HF ANTENNA TUNER MAKE A HOMEBREW HFVHF ANTENNA TUNER It really isnt all that difficult. This page details several Tmatch tuners. By comparing them, you. In radio an antenna is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or. Here is the link page to the various patch antenna and microstrip antenna topics. The goal is to understand the radiation mechanism, polarization, patterns, impedance. Antenna design calculators collected in AntennasAntenna Calculators at The DXZone. Inset Feed. Previously, the patch antenna was fed at the end as shown here. Since this typically yields a high input impedance, we would like to modify the feed. I have tuned my HF antenna to 7. The losses are too great using a tuner with coax so it is recommended to include a simple balun details below. Using coax with a tuner will gain you nothing except a happier radio. This point can not be stressed enough. DONT GO OVERBOARDMany build tuners and consider a thousand places they can use them and design for all of them. In the end, the thing stays connected to one amplifier or radio and to one antenna or type of antenna. All of these complications introduce possible losses and possible problems. IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED TO KEEP IT SIMPLE STUPID. A single balanced output is recommended. If you really must use a long wire referenced to ground, a simple way of using the same output terminals is decribed below. Sopcast Programe Romanesti on this page. TUNER TYPEWhether you use a T match, Z match or any other kind of matching network doesnt really matter much. Neither coils nor capacitors consume power so, provided resistive components are kept small, there should be very little loss. The major power loss in the units described here is by resistance in the wire that the coil is made out of although there will be others. Since this tuner does all the impedance matching needed, nothing more than a simple 1 1 current balun is required and strongly recommended. Overall, insertion loss in tuner MK2 is between 0. Into a dummmy load. This is less than if a 4 1 voltage balun is used. POWER LEVELSThe power the tuner will handle is only relevant in terms of the voltage separation and coil resistance current carrying capability. The voltage separation may be 3. V but if the coil is made of 0. On the other hand, making the coil out of 6mm copper tube is a good idea at any power level but that doesnt mean the voltage separation will allow more than a few watts. Windows 7 Beta Iso Torrent there. The maximum voltage will also depend on what impedance you are going to match. This is not just some absolute value but includes an unknown quantity of reactance but, in general, the voltage across the input capacitor will be somewhere near the output voltage. Table 1 Recommended minimum voltage separation for given power levels. Please note this table is only a rough guide and includes capacitors and all other components. Impedance to match. Impedance to match. X or p. Y5. 01. 002. X or p. Y5. 01. 002. W3. 2v. 45v. 63v. W2. 24v. 31. 6v. 44. W3. 9v. 55v. 77v. W2. 65v. 37. 4v. 52. W4. 5v. 63v. 89v. W3. 16v. 44. 7v. 63. W5. 5v. 77v. 11. 0v. W3. 87v. 54. 8v. 77. W7. 1v. 10. 0v. 14. W4. 47v. 63. 2v. 89. W8. 4v. 11. 8v. 16. W5. 48v. 77. 5v. 10. W1. 00v. 14. 1v. 20. W7. 97v. 10. 00v. W1. 22v. 17. 3v. 24. W5. 92v. 83. 7v. 11. W1. 41v. 20. 0v. 28. W1. 00. 0v. 14. 14v. W1. 72v. 24. 5v. 34. W1. 22. 5v. 17. 32v. The voltages in the above table are PEAK voltages not those necessary to produce the power listed. Voltage separation for capacitors, and all other components, will not depend on the mode of operation ie. FM, SSB, AM etc. 3. W PEP 3. 00. W of power for FM or AM. W PEP approximately 1. W of power on SSB however 3. W PEP on sideband will have the same peak voltage as 3. W of carrier. The amount of compression used on SSB is also irrelevant. Table 2 Air gaps required for voltage separation of various components. Flat means a highly polished flat surface while point is a sharp point. Gapk. V spacing. Gapk. V spacing. Gapk. V spacing. Gapk. V spacingmmflatpointmmflatpointmmflatpointmmflatpoint. Flash over will vary on several properties other than just shape such as pressure and humidity. These gaps should also be used only as a guide where the only gap is air. Tracks on PCB should be a lot further apart because of surface flash over. Table 3 VERY APPROXIMATE conductor thickness v power level. Impedance to match. Impedance to match. X or p. Y5. 01. 002. X or p. Y5. 01. 002. W3. 2v. 45v. 63v. W2. 24v. 31. 6v. 44. W3. 9v. 55v. 77v. W2. 65v. 37. 4v. 52. W4. 5v. 63v. 89v. W3. 16v. 44. 7v. 63. W5. 5v. 77v. 11. 0v. W3. 87v. 54. 8v. 77. W7. 1v. 10. 0v. 14. W4. 47v. 63. 2v. 89. W8. 4v. 11. 8v. 16. W5. 48v. 77. 5v. 10. W1. 00v. 14. 1v. 20. W7. 97v. 10. 00v. W1. 22v. 17. 3v. 24. W5. 92v. 83. 7v. 11. W1. 41v. 20. 0v. 28. W1. 00. 0v. 14. 14v. W1. 72v. 24. 5v. 34. W1. 22. 5v. 17. 32v. The actual power in watts compared to Peak Envelope Power in SSB mode is extremely variable. A value of 13 is reasonable but could be anything from 1. There are so many other factors such as skin effect, proximity effect, coil diameter, turn separation, conductor type tube or solid conductor coating and so forth that will affect the values in the above table. Conductor cross section type will not change the resistance much but will affect the ability to conduct heat away from the used parts to the unused parts. Voltage is not so much of a consideration because the voltage across the coil can be divided by the number of turns used. Remember though, the voltage across the coil will always be more than across the capacitors. A separation of 1 to 1. Proximity effect will increase flash over values so this 1 to 1. LAYOUTIT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED A 5. OHM IMPEDANCE IS MAINTAINED RIGHT UP TO THE INPUT CAPACITOR CONNECTION. Both tuner Mark 2 and Mark 3 do this by using a 5. SWR pickup as the input connection but if you decide not to include a SWR meter, the use of 5. See also GENERAL LAYOUT BELOWINPUTSIT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED ONLY A SINGLE INPUT SOCKET IS USED AND THAT IT IS A BNC CONNECTOR. To use more involves switches and wires that may cause problems. The tuner will match impedances after the input capacitor but not before. A PLC 2. 59 or BNC connector will both handle 5. Since the input side will be 5. W are possible with these connectors. Current at this power is 1. SSB based on the average human voice without compression. A BNC will handle this fine. OUTPUTSIF YOU USE A TUNER, THE ONLY COAX YOU SHOULD USE IS BETWEEN IT AND THE RADIO OR AMPLIFIER. A tuner is only suitable to two types of antenna viz. Even though this is an unbalanced tuner, there is little point using an unbalanced output coax. The SWR on the input side of the tuner may be 1 1 but on the output it is the same as it was without the tuner and losses the same. Since coax over 1. IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED A 1 1 CURRENT BALUN IS INCLUDED in these units especially if the long wire option is chosen because it is more easily bypassed than a voltage balun. See balun options below. BALUNNote first, the terms voltage balun and current balun are as defined on this site. So long as there are delusions that current and voltage can be transformed or transferred as separate entities, this controversy will exist. Voltage baluns have transfer losses while current baluns dont other than the resistance of the wire. A 1 1 CURRENT BALUN IS RECOMMENDED. CAPACITORSThe usual tendency for amateurs is to get something too big. It is totally pointless getting 3k. V spacing capacitors if the rest of the tuner is limited to 1. In fact, if the rest of the tuner will only handle 1.